As per Government of India census data of 2001 total number of Urdu speakers in India were 51,536,111 (of which 51,533,954 spoke Urdu & 2,157 other dialects[1]) which amounts to 5.01% of total population.[2]
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Following is a list of States and Union Territories of India by speakers of Urdu census data of 2001[3].
| Rank | State | Urdu speakers | ||
| Persons | Males | Females | ||
| India | 51536111 | 26837143 | 24698968 | |
| 1 | Uttar Pradesh | 13,272,080 | 6,947,596 | 6,324,484 |
| 2 | Bihar | 9,457,548 | 4,891,011 | 4,566,537 |
| 3 | Maharashtra | 6,895,501 | 3,647,547 | 3,247,954 |
| 4 | Andhra Pradesh | 6,575,033 | 3,351,545 | 3,223,488 |
| 5 | Karnataka | 5,539,910 | 2,830,719 | 2,709,191 |
| 6 | Jharkhand | 2,324,411 | 1,206,458 | 1,117,953 |
| 7 | West Bengal | 1,653,739 | 914,087 | 739,652 |
| 8 | Madhya Pradesh | 1,186,364 | 615,019 | 571,345 |
| 9 | Tamil Nadu | 942,299 | 473,914 | 468,385 |
| 10 | Delhi | 874,333 | 483,117 | 391,216 |
| 11 | Rajasthan | 662,983 | 342,981 | 320,002 |
| 12 | Orissa | 611,509 | 311,692 | 299,817 |
| 13 | Gujarat | 550,630 | 287,723 | 262,907 |
| 14 | Uttaranchal | 497,081 | 265,152 | 231,929 |
| 15 | Haryana | 260,687 | 140,038 | 120,649 |
| 16 | Chhattisgarh | 88,008 | 46,670 | 41,338 |
| 17 | Goa | 54,163 | 28,306 | 25,857 |
| 18 | Punjab | 27,660 | 16,971 | 10,689 |
| 19 | Kerala | 13,492 | 6,703 | 6,789 |
| 20 | Jammu & Kashmir | 13,251 | 8,293 | 4,958 |
| 21 | Chandigarh | 7,254 | 4,428 | 2,826 |
| 22 | Pondicherry | 7,092 | 3,450 | 3,642 |
| 23 | Himachal Pradesh | 4,787 | 3,146 | 1,641 |
| 24 | Assam | 4,715 | 2,821 | 1,894 |
| 25 | Sikkim | 2,930 | 2,118 | 812 |
| 26 | Meghalaya | 2,531 | 1,509 | 1,022 |
| 27 | Andaman & Nicobar Islands | 1,615 | 885 | 730 |
| 28 | Arunachal Pradesh | 1,258 | 883 | 375 |
| 29 | Dadra & Nagar Haveli | 994 | 590 | 404 |
| 30 | Nagaland | 759 | 562 | 197 |
| 31 | Daman & Diu | 574 | 388 | 186 |
| 32 | Manipur | 483 | 470 | 13 |
| 33 | Tripura | 313 | 253 | 60 |
| 34 | Mizoram | 98 | 84 | 14 |
| 35 | Lakshadweep | 26 | 14 | 12 |
For census data of 1991: [4].
Following is speaker's strength data of Urdu language for decades of 1971, 1981, 1991 & 2001: [5]
| Language | Persons who returned the language as their mother tongue | Percentage to total population | ||||||
| 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | |
| Urdu | 28,620,895 | 34,941,435 | 43,406,932 | 51,536,111 | 5.22 | 5.25 | 5.18 | 5.01 |
Following is ranking data of Urdu language for decades of 1971, 1981, 1991 & 2001: [6]
| Urdu: its rank and percentage to total population | |||||||
| 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | ||||
| Rank | % | Rank | % | Rank | % | Rank | % |
| 6 | 5.22 | 5 | 5.25 | 6 | 5.18 | 6 | 5.01 |
Following is percentage change data of Urdu language for decades of 1971, 1981, 1991 & 2001: [7]
| Language | Persons who returned the language as their mother tongue | Decadal percentage increase | ||||||
| 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | |
| Urdu | 28,620,895 | 34,941,435 | 43,406,932 | 51,536,111 | 22.08 | 24.23 | 18.73 | |